http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18436 2013 г. Mon, 20 Apr 2026 03:10:57 GMT 2026-04-20T03:10:57Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18481 Title: ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ КАК ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ НАВЫКОВ В ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ ВУЗЕ Authors: Ненастина, Татьяна Александровна Abstract: Рассмотрены принципы самостоятельной работы студентов при обучении в техническом вузе по дисциплине «Химия». Показано, что самостоятельная работа формирует навыки учебной, научной, профессиональной деятельности. Description: Basic principles of independent work of students in teaching in technical colleges for the subject "Chemistry" are considered. At the Department of "Chemistry" of National Automobile and Highway University various types of individual independent work are introduced - preparing for lectures, seminars, labs, tests, exams, performance of essays, assignments. For training in chemistry discipline on credit-modular system provides a series of lectures in conjunction with the self-study. To develop the students' ability to work independently and systematically during the study, there are special laboratory notebooks that provide independent work of student with textbooks, lecture notes, teaching aids. In the organization of independent work of students educational materials to help the department, as lecture notes contain basic theoretical knowledge to help students. Educational portal Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University allows students to get acquainted with the educational-methodical development of discipline in electronic form. It is shown that self-study forms skills teaching, research, and professional activities. It is found that self-study is one of the major components of the educational process, in which the formation of the competence and interest in their chosen profession. For a high level of independent work of the student must:be ensured continuity of the learning process of students by increasing the number of hours of counselling and individual work, to expand production of special manuals on discipline, to present the material with regard to the most important issues needed to be further professional work rationally allocate process of self-study educational material. Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18481 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18480 Title: ЭКСТРАКТЫ ЖИДКОПОДВИЖНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ИЗ РАЗНОВОССТАНОВЛЕННЫХ УГЛЕЙ И ШИХТ НА ИХ ОСНОВЕ Authors: Бутузова, Людмила Федоровна; Маковский, Руслан Васильевич; Маринов, Стефан; Бутузов, Геннадий Николаевич Abstract: Впервые подробно изучены экстракты пластического слоя жирных и газовых углей разных генетических типов по восстановленности (ГТВ) и шихт на их основе. Показано, что спекаемость углей предполагает наличие в пластическом состоянии определенной сбалансированности между подвижной и макромолекулярной фазами. Предложен новый показатель спекаемости - соотношение карбены+карбоиды/мальтены в экстрактах жидкоподвижных продуктов термофильтрации углей и шихт, которое коррелирует с выходом указанных продуктов, ответственных за процессы спекания. Выявлен оптимальный состав шихты (Га+Жв), который дает максимально высокий выход «пластического» слоя, насыщенного алифатическими компонентами. Description: This paper presents the results of the first detailed study of extracts from the plastic layer of coals of different genetic types by reductivity (GTR) and their blends. Two pairs of the isometamorphic Denets coals formed under reductive (RC) and less reductive conditions (LRC) and different by their sulphur content accordingly were used as objects of research. It was coals of G and J-Grade (≈83–88% Cdaf) according to Ukrainian classification. The proximate, ultimate analysis of samples, including total sulfur (St) were determined by using standard methods (GOST 9414.3-93, 12113-94, 27314-91, 11022-95, 8606-93). The statistical analysis was performed using the Microsoft Excel and Origin 6.1 software package. Coals under investigations and blends on the basis of these coals were thermally treated up to 600°C using the method of centrifugal thermal filtration. This method enables one to separate primary products that form the plastic mass, immediately, thus preventing their secondary transformations. The amount and composition of fluid non-volatile products (FNP) largely determine the processes of caking and coking. Analysis of FNP of termal filtration was carried out by different protocols of extraction, adsorption chromatography, DRIFT- spectroscopy. The main part of the extracts of the investigated samples is composed of carbenes+carboids (24-91%) and maltenes. Quantity of carbenes+carboids increases during coalification processes and is much higher for blends, contained of middle-rank coal of reduced type. Obviously, their segregation at the early stages of thermal decomposition is very important for the formation of plastic layer and subsequent formation of the coke structure. DRIFT-spectroscopy analysis of the extracts revealed significant quantitative differences in the composition of components extracted from different coals and blends. The extracts obtained from J-Grade coals are characterized by a higher content of carbenes+carboids in comparison with G-Grade coals, which corresponds to their higher caking ability. It has been shown that the caking ability of coals requires some balance between the mobile and macromolecular phases in a plastic state. A new indicator of caking - the ratio of carbenes+carboids/maltenes in extracts of liquid products of coals and blends thermal filtration has been suggested. This indicator correlates with yield of plastic layer which are responsible for the caking process. The optimal composition of the blend, which gives the highest yield of "plastic" layer, saturated with aliphatic components has been cleared. Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18480 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18479 Title: К ВОПРОСУ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОМ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГРАНУЛИРОВАННЫХ СОРБЕНТОВ ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ГАЗА ОТ ПРИМЕСЕЙ Authors: Кутняшенко, Алексей Игоревич; Парфенюк, Александр Сергеевич; Караченцев, Александр Евгениевич; Heinrich, Stefan; Antonyuk, Sergiy Abstract: Рассмотрен вопрос очистки шахтного метана путем использования гранулированных сорбентов, полученных из угольной пыли. Приведены результаты экспериментов по гранулированию модельного материала, а также представлен анализ популяционного баланса процесса агломерации на основе явления разрушения частиц при ударе. Description: CMM (Coal Mine Methane) is a strong pollutant of the environment, one of the destroyers of the ozone layer of the atmosphere of the planet. At the same time contains impurities that impair its quality as a fuel. As a part of mine gas, in addition to methane, usually come in different proportions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, water, and other particulate matter. In this connection, it is necessary to create the technology and equipment that allow methane to clean the impurities and provide the necessary quality of this energy for later use. The solution of mine methane cleaning by using granulated sorbents derived from coal dust is proposed. Experimental results on the granulation model material, as well as an analysis of the population balance of the sintering process on the basis of the phenomenon of destruction of particles on impact are submitted. As a binder material for aglomeration was 2 -% solution of the polymer (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) Pharmacoat), which was pre-selected for the experiment of the coal dust aglomeration. As the working material for the experiments aluminum oxide Al2O3 was used – similar material to the coal dust to the physical and mechanical characteristics. To confirm the theoretical values, which were obtained by the simulation, the test of uniaxial compression and destruction of agglomerates for the vessel wall was obtained. The deformation and breakage properties of agglomerates were measured by uniaxial compression test using a Texture Analyser® device. During this test single agglomerate is loaded between two steel punches and the force-displacement curve is measured. The stress was applied at a controlled axial deformation rate of 20 µm/s. To investigate the influence of the size on the mechanical behavior the agglomerates were separated into 3 fractions: 1.7-2.2; 2.3-2.7; 2.8-4.0 mm. The results, which are presented in the paper, will help create quality agglomerates for cleaning gas from contaminants and will improve the quality of this energy source. Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18479 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18478 Title: КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ЭФФЕКТОВ, ВОЗНИКАЮЩИХ В СУЖАЮЩЕМ УСТРОЙСТВЕ Authors: Ошовский, Владимир Владимирович; Дюбанов, Александр Вячеславович Abstract: В статье приведена методика создания математической модели для решения внутренней гидродинамической задачи в прикладном программном пакете Solid works. Рассмотрены основные возможности пакета для моделирования объектов химической технологии. Исследованы гидродинамические эффекты, возникающие в результате прохождения жидкости через конфузорно-диффузорное устройство. Description: The article describes a method of creating a mathematical model for the solution of the internal hydrodynamic problem. The most common problem faced by the specialists of Chemical Technology profile is the internal hydrodynamic problem. This problem is understood as the study of fluid flow, surrounded by solid walls. As a particular case is an example of the flow of fluid through the orifice - diaphragms, nozzles, Venturі tube. Affirms, that the possibility of an empirical research is inconvenient to the majority of objects of the chemical industry in view of complexity, high speed, explosion and fire danger of processes proceeding in them. It is concluded that the theoretical study of such facilities is preferred. It is proposed to study the internal hydrodynamic problem by computer simulation. As a tool of research selected application software package and its module for simulation of hydrodynamic processes based on the technology of computer fluid dynamics (CFD). The description of stage-by-stage creation of computer model is given: creation of solid-state model of considered object, creation of the project of research, the task of boundary conditions of modeling, the task of goals of the project. The description of start and carrying out of calculation of the created hydrodynamic model of studied object is resulted. Recommendations for modeling objects of chemical technology are resulted.. The results received during modeling are given in the form of charts of distribution of the basic hydrodynamic parameters: speed and static pressure on longitudinal axis of the object. Variation of these parameters does not contradict theoretical concepts about behavior of a liquid and gases at their movement in the limited spaces. Conclusions about prospect of use computing CFD packages for the decision of research problems of chemical technology are given. The conclusion that their use will allow to reduce essentially expenses of time at stages of studying, designs and introductions new and intensifications of already used chemical process processes is done. Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/18478 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z