DSpace Collection: 2013 р.

РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДА БИОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Title: РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДА БИОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА Authors: Федоров, Е.Е.; Fedorov, Ye.Ye.; Федоров, Є.Є. Abstract: Для создания интеллектуальной компьютерной системы биометрической идентификации человека в статье был предложен метод на основе формантных признаков речи, антропометрических признаков лица человека, искусственной нейронной сети, нечеткой логики и генетического алгоритма. Были предложены архитектура нечеткой искусственной нейронной сети и эффективные варианты операторов генетического алгоритма (репродукции, кроссинговера, мутации и редукции) на основе имитации отжига, которые позволяют учитывать этапы генетического алгоритма. Разработанный метод был исследован на стандартных базах TIMIT и ORL. Description: Now the system, intended for biometric person identification applied in criminalistics and various security systems, is more important. In the article a method of biometric identification of a person based on digital processing of a signal, recognition of speech and visions, neural networks, the fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm has been offered. The method of biometric identification provides: formalisation of signs of speech; formalisation of image features; creation of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system of biometric identification; construction of genetic algorithm. As speech features the frequencies of first three formant vowel sounds have been chosen. As a person’s face features 3 points for the left eyebrow (a head, a break point, an eyebrow tail) have been chosen; 3 points for the right eyebrow (a head, a break point, an eyebrow tail); 4 points for the left eye (left, right, top, bottom); 4 points for the right eye (left, right, top, bottom); 4 points for a nose (nose bridge, the nose basis, the left and right wing of a nose); 4 points for a mouth (left, right, top, bottom); 1 point for a chin have been chosen. Effective variants of operators of reproduction (a combination of casual and linearly ordered selection with annealing imitation), crossingover (for the choice of parents the combination of outbreeding and inbreeding with imitation annealing is used), mutation(a combination of homogeneous mutation with imitation annealing) and reduction (a combination of the equiprobable and selective scheme with annealing imitation) have been offered. This encreases the efficiency of training of the systems of biometric identification. This method has been numerically investigated on standard basis TIMIT (for identification of a person by speech) and ORL (for identification a person’s face) and in its probability of recognition and speed of training this method is comparable to the best methods. The developed hybrid intellectual computer system of biometric identification of the person possesses the following advantages: possibility of use of the aprioristic information (knowledge of experts); representation of knowledge in the form of the rules easily accessible to understanding by the person; possibility of fast training and adaptation; parallel processing of the information which raises computing capacity; there are no difficulties with definition by system structure; high probability of identification.

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ И РАЗРАБОТКА ТРЕБОВАНИЙ К ОПТОЭЛЕКТРОННЫМ КОМПОНЕНТАМ МАКЕТНОГО ОБРАЗЦА ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ПЫЛИ

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Title: ОБОСНОВАНИЕ И РАЗРАБОТКА ТРЕБОВАНИЙ К ОПТОЭЛЕКТРОННЫМ КОМПОНЕНТАМ МАКЕТНОГО ОБРАЗЦА ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ПЫЛИ Authors: Соломичев, Роман Игоревич; Solomichev, R.; Соломічев, Роман Ігоревич Abstract: Составлен алгоритм вычисления параметров уравнения Ми, на основе которых установлена зависимость показателя ослабления зондирующего излучения от концентрации пыли в атмосфере угольной шахты, длины базы оптического канала, спектра излучения и дисперсного состава пыли. Составлена математическая модель канала измерения концентрации пыли, которая учитывает пространственные характеристики излучения светодиода и приема фотодиода. Выбраны оптоэлектронные компоненты измерителя согласно поставленным требованиям к их параметрам и характеристикам, что позволит реализовать макетный образец измерителя и проверить адекватность теоретических расчетов. Description: Existing dust aspirating sampling devices do not satisfy modern requirements for speed and accuracy of dust control in mine atmosphere, which increases the risk of explosions in mines. We validated a method for measuring the dust concentration, based on the light radiation partial optical absorption measurement. The analysis of experimental data from MakNII found that for the most explosive coal dust (volatile Vdaf ≥ 35%, ash content Аs<5%, moisture content ≤1,5%) lower explosion limit concentration is equal to 10 g/m3. If the concentration of methane CCH4 = 1% the limit decreases twice, but with 2% - the explosion limit decreases about four times. Mathematical modeling revealed the functional dependence of changes in the light intensity of transmitted radiation on the changes in dust concentration СП. An algorithm for Mie parameter calculation was proposed, which helped to find the dependence of probe radiation on dust concentration in coal mine atmosphere. Attenuation coefficient takes into account the optical measurement path base length, the emission spectrum and dust composition. The proposed algorithm based on the mathematical model allowed formulating the requirements to optoelectronic components parameters: the wavelengths spectrum range of the probe radiation, which should be from 351 nm to 1055 nm. Dust measurement channel mathematical model was proposed, which takes into account spatial radiation characteristics (input coefficients) of a photodiode and allowed obtaining the dependence of the transformation probing radiation intensity into output current (in the range from 38 to 47 mA), when dust concentration in the optical measurement channel changes from 0 to 3 g/m3. On the basis of the requirements to optoelectronic components’ parameters and dust concentration meter mathematical model we proposed to use a photodiode BPW21R (spectral sensitivity range is from 347 to 813 nm) and ultra-bright LEDs with minimum radiation divergence angle (15 )C503-BAN (wavelength 470 nm) C503-GAN (527 nm), C503-RAN (624 nm), which will implement the model sample of the meter and check the theoretical calculations adequacy.

ОЦЕНКА ПОГРЕШНОСТЕЙ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ОПОРНО- ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Title: ОЦЕНКА ПОГРЕШНОСТЕЙ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ОПОРНО- ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА Authors: Нестругина, Е.С.; Ларина, Е.Ю.; Чичикало, Н.И.; Nestrugina, E.S.; Larina, E.J.; Chichikalo, N.I.; Нестругіна, О.С.; Чичикало, Н.І. Abstract: В статье разработана методика оценки погрешностей подсистем S-контроля и R-контроля, как составных частей опорно-двигательной системы человека. Разработан критерий максимальной правдоподобности для оценки точности измерений параметров опорно- двигательной системы человека. Description: In this paper the technique of errors estimation of S-and R-control subsystems as parts of the human musculoskeletal system is developed. Realistic criterion for assessing the measurements accuracy of the human musculoskeletal system is developed. To determine the effectiveness of drugs and medical interventions during rehabilitation of musculoskeletal and motor functions pathology after human injuries, the overall condition of the human must be considered (temperature, pulse, blood pressure), which are dependent on the biorhythms state. It is also important to determine the optimal conditions for measurements in order to obtain maximum likelihood results. As an objective statistically reliable assessment of traumatized human state, mathematical expectation  and dispersion  are suggested, obtained on the measurements results basis made in certain conditions. The histograms analysis shows that if we increase the number of observations, and the interval tends to zero, the histogram in the limit becomes a continuous characteristic of the distribution of errors. Sufficient conditions for the error components smallness were defined. To estimate the human musculoskeletal system measurement errors is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment effects of traumatism through information-measuring system of human motor functions, to determine the criteria that characterize the degree of closeness of the consequences of traumatism to safe (desired)situation. Evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment effects of traumatism by the operation of IMS DPF can be made by characterizing the degree of closeness of the consequences of traumatism to safe (desired)situation. In IIS DPF it is necessary to control two independent variables. These variables are controlled by the amount of displacement of each vertebra relative to the reference value and the load level on the lower limbs (resultant force).

АНАЛИЗ ГАЗОАНАЛИЗАТОРОВ ВЫХЛОПНЫХ ГАЗОВ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА И ПУТИ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИХ ТОЧНОСТИ

Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Title: АНАЛИЗ ГАЗОАНАЛИЗАТОРОВ ВЫХЛОПНЫХ ГАЗОВ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА И ПУТИ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИХ ТОЧНОСТИ Authors: Лыков, А.Г.; Вовна, А.В.; Lуkov, А.G.; Vovna, A.V.; Ликов, О.Г.; Вовна, О.В. Abstract: Рассмотрены нормы и методы измерений содержания составляющих выхлопных газов автомобильного транспорта, определяемые стандартами Украины. Проведен анализ выпускаемых газоанализаторов выхлопных газов автомобильного транспорта по точности измерения содержания газовых составляющих. Оценено влияние рабочих характеристик выхлопных газов на результат измерения. Показано, что газоанализаторы не обеспечивают требуемой точности в соответствии с ДСТУ 4277. Намечены пути повышения точности газоанализаторов выхлопных газов при измерении содержания оксида углерода и углеводородов, заключающиеся в: использовании импульсного режима работы источника излучения и повышении амплитуды питающего тока; уменьшении величины потерь интенсивности оптического излучения, вызванных широкой диаграммой направленности источника излучения. Description: We considered the norms and methods of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (CH) measurements, which are defined by Ukrainian standards. The main absolute error of gas analyzers, which are working by infrared spectroscopy method, should not exceed ±0,05 vol.%, when the CO measurement is in the range from 0 to 1 vol.%, and ±0.2 vol.% – for range from 0 to 5 vol.%. The main absolute error of CH gas analyzers should not exceed ±50 ppm, for range from 0 to 1000 ppm, and ±150 ppm – for range from 0 to 3000 ppm. We made the measurements accuracy analysis of the gas components for the manufactured gas analyzers of road transport exhaust. Gas analyzers can provide the required accuracy in a wider measurement range of exhaust gas components, which are defined by standard (from 0 to 5 vol.% for CO; from 0 to 3000 ppm for CH). The represented gas analyzers could not provide the required accuracy, when the monitoring are conducted in a smaller range (from 0 to 1 vol.% for CO, and from 0 to 1000 ppm for CH). The impact of the exhaust gases working characteristics, such as temperature, pressure, humidity and the carbon presence, on to the measurement results are estimated. We found, if the temperature changes in the rage from 50С to 120С and the absolute pressure in the rage from 110 kPa to 130 kPa, the measurement absolute error exceeds the standards limits – ± 0,2 vol.% for CO and ± 150 ppm for CH; humidity and soot do not affect the measuring result, if the radiation source and the radiation receiver choice is correct. It causes necessity to enter the system of sample screening and preparation. We considered the ways to increase the accuracy of road transport exhaust gas analyzers, which are based on the usage of radiation source pulsed operation and on increasing the amplitude of the supply current to increase the signal-to-noise ratio at the photodetector output; reducing loss values of optical radiation intensity, which are caused by a wide radiation pattern of the radiation source, through the use of LEDs with reflectors and an additional optical system as a source. Achievable values of the limiting sensitivity of the gas analyzer are (0.002÷0.013) vol.%/V, and the achievable values of the absolute errors are less than ±0.05 vol.% for CO measurements, and less than about ±0.005 vol.% (±50 ppm) for CH measurements, it satisfies requirements of the SSU 4277.