http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31107 2016 г. Wed, 22 Apr 2026 01:52:45 GMT 2026-04-22T01:52:45Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31117 Title: Через призму истекших лет Authors: Ульяницкий, В.Н. Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31117 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31116 Title: Высокоточные оптические измерительные системы формы изделий и инструмента Authors: Махов, В.Е.; Шалдаев, С.Е.; Makhov, V.E.; Shaldaev, S.E. Abstract: Проведены исследования системы определения функции контрастной границы, в изображении контролируемого изделия методом его преобразования в изображение кривой. Исследованы факторы, влияющие на погрешность определения функции границ при использовании различных алгоритмов, в т.ч. алгоритма определения координат максимумов коэффициентов непрерывного вейвлет-преобразования (НВП). Показано, что при использовании метода коэффициентов НВП погрешность измерений функции координат границ в два раза ниже, чем при анализе распределения освещенности. Доказана возможность определения координаты резкого скачка и излома в границе изображения с точностью 0,1 пикс. Description: Background. Vision systems are widely applied in automated systems for industrial control of shape and linear dimensions of products and production equipment. It is not always possible to provide conditions for carrying out high-precision measurements, which reduces the performance of primary equipment. Therefore, the urgent task is to develop methods of application of measurement algorithms in a wide range of changes in external conditions affecting the nature of the image. Materials and/or methods. To obtain an independent measurement of the product's fragments the method of the image of curved borders of its contrastis used. To build the surface shape of products the method of scanning the profile line of the opticalimage is used. When calculating the coordinates of borders functions the method of analysis of the maxima of the curves of ratios of continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used. For model studies, the virtual appliance and the technology of the National Instruments Company are developed and used. Results.The application of the method of analysis of the maxima of the curves of ratios of CWT allows more than two times increasing the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the image profile in the vertical scanning of the image profile line. At oblique scanning of the profile line, including scanning perpendicular to a tangent to the surface shape, the measurement accuracy increases by 5-10 times. Horizontal scans with an accuracy of 0.1 pixels allow determining a coordinate of the profile leap. When scanning the inclination angle of a profile line at each measurement point there is the elimination of the pixelization effect and the image defects. Conclusion.Model experiments showed the possibility toreach the 0.1-pixel accuracy of measurements of images profile. The possibility of determining the coordinates of the leap and the kink within the boundary of the image with an accuracy of 0.1 pixels is proved. The main applications of high-precision measurement of geometric shapes of shadow images with one-sided or partial access to the measured object determined. Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31116 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31115 Title: Влияние формы сечения и расположения сортового металлопроката на энергосиловые параметры резки фасонными ножами Authors: Ульяницкий, В.Н.; Петров, П.А.; Ulianitsky, V.N.; Petrov, P.A. Abstract: Выполнен анализ влияния формы разрезаемого сечения и относительного направления движения инструмента на затрачиваемую работу при резке сложнопрофильного металлопроката и простых сортовых заготовок фасонными ножами. Description: Background. In the practice of metallurgical production, various units are used for the transverse separation of billets. The variety of mechanical cutting schemes complicates the choice of the most rational method of separation and requires additional theoretical and experimental studies. In this regard, the definition of technological opportunities of operated and newly designed equipment for the separation of geometrically-complex rolled metal in the modern section mill is one of the important and urgent tasks. Materials and/or methods. The main indicators of the cutting process which is divided into three stages (cutter indentation in metal, shift, or cut, separation) are the force of cutting, the definition of which is produced by the method of numerical recurrent solutions of finite-difference schemes of the static balance of the allocated elementary volumes. Experimental research methods included: physical modeling of the processes, strain gauge measurement methods and measurement of geometric parameters. Results. Analytical dependencies underlying the mathematical models of cutting process of a variety of profile shapes with cutters correlate well with the experimental data. On the basis of the developed technique, we have performed the simulation of cutting process of geometrically-complex rolled metal of equal cross-section at different process conditions, which allows expanding the understanding of the process and determining the factors influencingthe efficiency of the separation process implemented by sectioning scissors. Conclusion. The description of the separation process of the flanges is proposed taking into account, in contrast to the classical view, not only the influence of the cross-sectional area of the billet on the value of the maximum force and the total performance of cutting, but also the shape (location) of the profile relative to the movement of the cutters. The obtained values of the maximum force and cutting performance at various schemes of implementation ofthe separation of shaped sections by the varietal scissors clarify and extend the classical representation of the process in the locus of cutting. This allows setting adequate initial parameters in the design of new mechanical equipment and modernization of existing processing units. Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31115 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31114 Title: Анализ возможности использования существующих технических средств для получения стальной колотой дроби Authors: Павлиненко, О.И.; Левченко, Э.П.; Чебан, В.Г.; Pavlinenko, O.I.; Levchenko, E.P.; Cheban, V.G. Abstract: Выполнен анализ возможности применения существующих конструкций дробилок и мельниц для получения стальной колотой дроби. Обосновано применение разгонно-ударной мельницы, использующей принцип «свободного удара», который позволяет свести к минимуму все энергоемкие процессы, связанные со смятием и уплотнением исходного материала, а также модернизация способа ударного раскалывания в шаровой мельнице. Description: Background. The analysis of machines for materials crushing and grinding and the ways of destruction implemented in them showed that high-speedcentrifugal impact grinders of accelerating action type and the ball mills are the most preferable to obtain the steel chipped fraction if the central impact is the priority in them. Materials and/or methods. Comparative analysis of various types of crushing machines is carried out regarding the possibility of crushing steel chipped faction. Evaluation of the effectiveness of considered options of use of crushing and grinding machines was performed via analytical comparison of the ways of applying loads on the material combined with the advantages and disadvantages of the types of machines which showed a preferred use ofcentrifugal impact grinders and ball mills for the formation of the chipped fraction. Results. Along with the use of free direct strike, which is implemented in centrifugal impact mills of the accelerating action type, the new concept of increasing efficiency of drum mills used for the preparation of chipped fractions, with grinding bodies in the form of polyhedra with flat sides having correct or incorrect form. This will increase the probability of a direct collision of the grinding bodies with round fractions in the working space of these machines and eliminate harmful, from the point of view of the irrational use of energy, ricochets leading to the dispersion of energy in the form of useless heat release. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of various types of machinery for crushing and grinding of materials identified the most efficient designs for efficient crushing of steel fraction in the form of centrifugal impact mills and drum mills with grinding bodies in the form of polyhedra with flat sides, which allows to achieve the implementation of directimpact in the working space of these machines. Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31114 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z