http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/30916 2014 г. Wed, 22 Apr 2026 22:49:32 GMT 2026-04-22T22:49:32Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31296 Title: Сімейно-кланова організація домогосподарств у системі суспільних владних інститутів Authors: Зухба, О.М.; Zukhba, E N. Abstract: На основі інституційного аналізу досліджені інституційні причини виникнення кланових структур організації суспільства та форми їх прояву. Доведено, що їх функціонування викликано потребою ефективної реалізації інтересів окремих домогосподарств , які прагнуть максимізувати результати своєї діяльності. Показано, що кланова система організації соціального устрою дозволяє домогосподарствам протистояти тиску інших інститутів - держави і фірм, і в той же час використовувати їх механізми. Інститут кланової влади, будучи протилежним по суті демократії, не вступає з останньою в антагонізм і успішно з нею поєднується. Встановлена залежність кланових основ владних відносин з явищами корупції та тінізації економіки. Description: The essential platform for the institutional organization of human society stands on the definite system of the relations of its agents. There is the common idea in the economic literature that the institutional mechanisms for national economy regulation are dictated by the importance to achieve particular aims by particular agents. In addition there is no definite sector for the household in the system of state power institutions notwithstanding the im-portance of this research. The importance of this subject is determined by the fact that in the economic agents triad “state-firm-household” the latter is considered to be secondary or passive but household’s key position in the national economy is obvious as it mediates almost all social economic relations, holds consumer monopoly on the labor market, capital market and the other resources and influences all the economic and social processes. Therefore the scientific analysis is required to conduct the research and optimization of the institutional mechanisms and the realization of its interests. Each of the institutional agents of the national household (state, firms, households) has self-interest, connected with the performance of their functions and opts the adequate model for power realization. State is based on command and administration system and firm applies the market one. From our perspective households use two basic models: clannish model is for the economically “strong” households and democratic institution is for the “weak” ones. The historical conditions for clannish family power mechanism, the criteria for clans’ formation are analyzed in this article and the examples of modern world clannish relations are given. For example despite the vivid clannish models that are popular in Asia this model of state power relations is found in western countries as well as in Russia and Ukraine. The article shows the forms of clannish relations like career protection, special access to limited resources (“good contacts”), individualized healthcare, educational, legal, social services, widespread “power directives” during election campaigns. It is underlined that clannish family model for the national household management cannot be opposed to the market or state models as the latter are more effective from social perspective but clannish state power institution is compatible with them, promoting shady schemes and corrupt practices. The basic reason and economic privilege of clannish power is individualization of the population according to national, religious, territorial and other criteria and in the modern world the primary criterion is income and access to resources. According to the Elite theory by Mosca, Pareto and Michels, clannish type of relations in power does not only contradict democratic standards but it also successfully associates with them: the real victory in democratic elections is determined by the level of candidates’ income, the influence level of supportive social groups, the level of education, religious status, origin. From our perspective the democratic institution is considered as a particular security mechanism for the interests of “weak” households that lack power and resources and cannot stand against the clans but try to oppose them through the political and social institutions including state. In their turn “strong” households also use democratic instruments in their favor, primarily relying on clannish autocratic mechanisms. To sum up clannish family mechanism for the formation of the elite in power is effective enough and it helps particular families to get the sustainable access to the unique national resources through state and market institutions. What is more clannish system contrasting democracy by its nature is compatible enough with it. The recognition and research of clannish organization of the society and its role in the redistribution of power, resources and income will make those processes more manageable and state social policy more direct. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31296 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31295 Title: Норма доверия в системе факторов национальной конкурентоспособности Authors: Жуковская, Е.В.; Zhukovskaya, E.V. Abstract: Целью данной статьи является определение места нормы доверия в системе факторов национальной конкурентоспособности Украины и выявление возможностей корректировки экономической политики государства в целях повышения его конкурентоспособности. Основываясь на анализе динамики и структуры показателей конкурентоспособности Украины, доказывается значительное влияние процесса институционализации нормы доверия как на отдельные факторы, так и на общий уровень национальной конкурентоспособности. Рассмотрены механизмы государственного стимулирования институционализации нормы доверия, сводящиеся к обеспечению последовательности и согласованности действий правительства в сфере социально-экономических отношений в рамках проведения целостной институциональной политики таргетирования доверия. Description: The purpose of this article is definition of a place of norm of trust in the system of factors of national competitiveness of Ukraine and identification of opportunities of correction of economic policy of the state for increasing its competitiveness. According to the analysis of dynamics and structure of indicators of competitiveness of Ukraine, considerable influence of process of institutionalization of norm of trust both on separate factors, and on the general level of national competitiveness is proved. The indicators considered in indices, measuring national competitiveness, are either indicators of level of trust in economy (for example, ethics and corruption, abuse of influence) or supporting institutes of its institutionalization (the property right, efficiency of the government). Low indicators of competitiveness of Ukraine are an illustration of the fact that the state doesn't use the instrument of trust in the course of institutional construction that causes a mismatch between various directions of economic policy and their inefficiency. In the conditions of shaping market institutional concept of development of the state and overcoming the world financial crisis the establishment of trust in relation to new institutional practitioners is becoming increasingly important. The institutionalization of norm of trust has to be carried out both when executing the state policy, and in the behavior of subjects of economic activity. In order to have opportunity to use the instrument of trust at the state level, the norm of trust has to be institutionalized, builtin in the system of informal institutional restrictions of society without considerable fluctuations. Thus, the use of the instrument of trust at various levels of interaction of subjects of economic activity and the state, allows mobilizing efforts of the state, to coordinate various factors of competitiveness for achieving integrated result. The paper considers mechanisms of the state stimulation of an institutionalization of norm of the trust, the consequences which were reduced to provision and coherence of actions of the government in the sphere of the social and economic relations within carrying out complete institutional policy of targeting trust. Weak institutional environment causes high transactional expenses of conducting economic activity. Maintaining appropriate level of trust with minimization of transactional expenses has to be the purpose of the state institutional (transactional) policy. Creating a legal framework, the state can increase the institutionalized trust and compensate part of transactional expenses. The same role is played also by non-state (civil) institutional structure of society. In addition, the institutional policy has to be directed to development of mechanisms of counteraction to opportunistic behavior, reduction of information asymmetry and stimulation of economic subjects to work according to institutional norms, or to compensate inability to operate of other institutes. Therefore, in order to achieve successful institutionalization of new market institutes, it is necessary to create appropriate formal supporting infrastructure for them. It represents the external mechanism of obligation to follow the norms of this institute and guarantees the minimum basic level of institutional trust. With the aim of building in the instrument of trust system of automatic stabilizers of economic system, the state has to proceed from norm of trust in the course of institutional (standard and legal) design. In that case the trust will be able to act as the synergy factor supporting self-reproduction of economic system and increase of level of national competitiveness. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31295 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31294 Title: Критерий совершенствования институтов развития в переходной экономике Authors: Сухова, Т.Л.; Suhova, T.L. Abstract: Статья посвящена определению институциональных критериев данного взаимодействия, а также роли государства в границах данного взаимодействия. В качестве критерия институциональной поддержки государства предлагается принимать степень рациональности экономических субъектов. Description: The article is sanctified to determination of institutional criteria of this cooperation, and also role of the state within bounds of this cooperation. As a criterion of institutional support of the state it is suggested to accept the degree of rationality of economic subjects. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31294 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31293 Title: Державне управління інноваційним розвитком промислового підприємства України в умовах глобальної нестабільності Authors: Стефаненко-Шупік, А.; Stefanenko-Shupyk, A. Abstract: У сучасних умовах господарювання в межах виробничо-економічних систем істотних змін зазнала мотиваційна діяльність суб’єктів ПП, зокрема, при провадженні управління інноваційним розвитком в контексті активізації процесів технологічної модернізації ПП. Це свідчить про те, що надійний захист економічних інтересів ПП України можливий лише за умов синхронного використання системного, комплексного та об’єктно-цільового підходів до його організації з прогнозуванням тенденцій інноваційного розвитку. При цьому, важливе місце посідають процеси формування і нарощення стратегічного потенціалу та забезпечення економічної безпеки ПП, що ймовірно здійснити шляхом активізації процесів генерування стратегічного потенціалу виробничо-економічних систем у відповідній взаємозалежності процесів реструктуризації та мотивування інноваційного розвитку ПП. Description: Under present-day economy conditions, the motivational activity of IC subjects has significantly changed within industrial and economic systems, in particular, in the process of managing innovation development in the context of activization of IC technological modernization processes. Thuswise, reliable protection of economical interests of a Ukrainian IC is possible only under the condition of synchronous usage of system, comprehensive and object-target approaches to its organization with forecasting innovation development tendencies. At the same time, a ranking place is taken by processes of formation, building the strategic capacity and ensuring economic safety of an IC by activating processes of generation and building strategic capacity of productive-economic systems in the corresponding interrelation of restructuring and innovative processes of an IC innovation development. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://ea.donntu.ru/handle/123456789/31293 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z